Remote operated musical bell using UM3481

This article is about remote operated musical bell using UM3481. The M348X series IC is a mask-ROM-programmed multi melody generator , implemented by CMOS technology. It is designed to play the melody according to the previously programmed information and is capable of generating 16 songs with 3 instrument effects : piano, organ and mandolin. The device also includes a pre-amplifier which…

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Building a circuit on a breadboard

A breadboard is a device for testing temporary electronics projects. Components used to test a circuit can be reused for other projects. None of the components are damaged.

Almost all people start to learn electronics using breadboard because it is the simplest way of making circuit. The photograph shows a typical small breadboard which is suitable for beginners building simple circuits with one or two ICs (chips).

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OR-gate realization

To make an object counter we can use a simple dark detector circuit and a normal calculator. Pole and NO (Normally Open) terminals of a relay have to be connected to the two pins which are used to activate ‘=’ key of calculator.
As we block the light falling on LDR, the calculator starts counting.
For the calculator to work as a counter, we first need to press ‘1’ and ‘+’ keys.

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Unveiling the Power of Open Source Hardware: A Collaborative Innovation Frontier

Introduction In an era characterized by rapid technological advancements and a growing emphasis on collaboration, open source principles have transcended the realm of software and made an indelible mark on hardware development. Open source hardware (OSH) represents a paradigm shift in innovation, fostering a community-driven approach that democratizes access to technology and enables a more…

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VOICE CHANGER

Voice Changer project can be used to transpose or distort one’s voice by encoding the sound appearing at the Microphone input.  This project  is built around AP8072 IC. SPECIFICATIONS Supply input : 6 VDC @ 200 mA Output : Speaker, 8 Ω / 0.5 W Audio amplifier type LM386 with volume control preset Jumper selectable…

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